not compacted

1) (not firm or tight) [ knot] largo, allentato; [ screw] allentato; [ handle] che si stacca; [ component] fissato male; [ button] che si stacca, penzolante; [ tooth] che dondola

2) (free)

3) comm. (not packed) [tea, sweets] sfuso

4) (that has come apart) [ page] staccato, volante; [ fragment] staccato; [ paint] che si stacca, si scrosta

5) (not tight) [jacket, trousers] largo, ampio; [ collar] (troppo) largo; (flaccid) [ skin] flaccido

6) (not compacted) [ soil] smosso; [ link] lasco, tenue; [ weave] a trama larga

7) (not strict or exact) [ translation] approssimativo; [ wording] impreciso; [ interpretation] libero; [ guideline] vago; [ style] trasandato

8) (dissolute) [ morals] dissoluto, licenzioso

••

verbo transitivo lett.

1) (release) liberare

2) (shoot) scoccare, tirare [ arrow]

* * *

1) (not tight; not firmly stretched: a loose coat; This belt is loose.) largo

2) (not firmly fixed: This button is loose.) sciolto

3) (not tied; free: The horses are loose in the field.) slegato, in libertà

4) (not packed; not in a packet: loose biscuits.) sfuso

•

- loosely

* * *

1) (not firm or tight) [ knot] largo, allentato; [ screw] allentato; [ handle] che si stacca; [ component] fissato male; [ button] che si stacca, penzolante; [ tooth] che dondola

2) (free)

3) comm. (not packed) [tea, sweets] sfuso

4) (that has come apart) [ page] staccato, volante; [ fragment] staccato; [ paint] che si stacca, si scrosta

5) (not tight) [jacket, trousers] largo, ampio; [ collar] (troppo) largo; (flaccid) [ skin] flaccido

6) (not compacted) [ soil] smosso; [ link] lasco, tenue; [ weave] a trama larga

7) (not strict or exact) [ translation] approssimativo; [ wording] impreciso; [ interpretation] libero; [ guideline] vago; [ style] trasandato

8) (dissolute) [ morals] dissoluto, licenzioso

••

verbo transitivo lett.

1) (release) liberare

2) (shoot) scoccare, tirare [ arrow]

loose [lu:s]

1. adjective

   a. [animal] ( = free) en liberté ; ( = escaped) échappé ; [hair] libre

• loose chippings gravillons mpl

• loose covers (British) housses fpl

• to be at a loose end ne pas trop savoir quoi faire

• to tie up the loose ends régler les détails qui restent

• to get loose [animal] s'échapper

• to have come loose [page] s'être détaché ; [hair] s'être dénoué

• to turn an animal loose lâcher un animal

• we can't let him loose on the budget (inf) on ne peut pas le laisser s'occuper du budget tout seul

• we can't let him loose on that class (inf) on ne peut pas le laisser livré à lui-même dans cette classe

• to tear o.s. loose se dégager

• to tear sth loose détacher qch (en déchirant)

   b. ( = not firmly in place) [screw] desserré ; [brick, tooth] descellé

• a loose connection (electrical) un mauvais contact

• to be working loose [knot, screw] se desserrer ; [stone, brick] être descellé

• to have come loose [knot] s'être défait ; [screw] s'être desserré ; [stone, brick] être descellé ; [tooth] bouger

• hang loose! (inf!) relax ! (inf)

   c. ( = not pre-packed) [biscuits, carrots] en vrac ; [butter, cheese] à la coupe

   d. ( = not tight) [skin] flasque ; [coat, dress] ( = generously cut) ample ; ( = not tight enough) large ; [collar] lâche

• these trousers are too loose round the waist ce pantalon est trop large à la taille

• loose clothes are better for summer wear l'été il vaut mieux porter des vêtements amples

   e. ( = not strict) [discipline, style] relâché ; [translation] approximatif ; ( = vague) [reasoning, thinking] peu rigoureux ; [association, link] vague

• a loose interpretation of the rules une interprétation assez libre du règlement

2. noun

• on the loose (inf) en cavale

• there was a crowd of kids on the loose in the town (inf) il y avait une bande de jeunes qui traînait dans les rues

• a gang of hooligans on the loose (inf) une bande de voyous déchaînés

3. transitive verb

( = undo) défaire ; ( = untie) dénouer ; ( = free) [+ animal] lâcher ; [+ prisoner] relâcher

4. compounds

► loose cannon (inf) noun franc-tireur m

► loose change noun petite monnaie f

► loose-fitting adjective ample

► loose-leaf adjective à feuilles mobiles

► loose-leaf binder noun classeur m (à feuilles mobiles)

► loose-leafed adjective à feuilles mobiles

* * *

1) lit ( not firm or tight) [knot, screw] desserré; [handle] branlant; [component] mal fixé; [button] qui se découd; [thread] décousu; [tooth] qui se déchausse

2) ( free)

3) Commerce ( not packed) [tea, sweets] en vrac; ( as individual item) au détail

4) ( that has come apart) [page] volant; [fragment] détaché

5) ( not tight) [jacket, trousers] ample; [collar] lâche; [skin] flasque

6) ( not compacted) [soil] meuble; [link, weave] lâche

7) ( not strict or exact) [translation, interpretation] assez libre; [wording] imprécis; [connection, guideline] vague; [style] relâché

8) ( dissolute) [morals] dissolu

••

loose

A n

1 on the loose [prisoner, criminal, animal] qui s'est échappé ; [troublemakers] déchaîné ; there's a killer/lion on the loose il y a un tueur/lion qui s'est échappé ; there is a gang of hooligans on the loose in the town il y a une bande de voyous qui rôdent dans les rues de la ville ; he is still on the loose il est toujours en liberté or en cavale ○ ;

2 ( in rugby) the loose la mêlée ouverte.

B adj

1 lit ( not firm or tight) [knot, lace, screw] desserré ; [nail, handle] branlant ; [joint] lâche ; [component, section] mal fixé ; [button] qui se découd ; [thread] décousu ; [tooth] qui se déchausse ; to come ou work loose [knot, screw] se desserrer ; [brick, handle] être branlant ; [nail] lâcher ; [tooth] se déchausser ; to work [sth] loose desserrer [rope, knot, screw, fixture] ; dégager [nail, post] ; desceller [brick, bar] ; to hang loose [hair] être dénoué ; [rope, reins, thread] pendre ; hang loose ○ ! US détends-toi! ; loose connection Elec faux contact ;

2 ( free) [animal] échappé ; the bull's loose le taureau s'est échappé ; to break loose [animal] s'échapper (from de) ; fig rompre (from avec) ; to cut sb loose détacher qn ; to roam ou run loose courir en liberté ; to let ou set ou turn loose libérer [animal, prisoner] ; he let the dogs loose on me il a lâché les chiens sur moi ; I wouldn't let her loose on a classroom je ne la laisserais pas seule face à une classe ; I wouldn't let first year students loose on Joyce! je ne ferais pas lire Joyce aux étudiants de première année! ; to let loose with criticism/insults critiquer/insulter sans retenue ;

3 Comm ( not packed) [tea, tobacco, sweets, vegetables] en vrac ; we sell envelopes loose nous vendons les enveloppes au détail ; just put the apples in the bag loose mettez donc les pommes à même le sac or directement dans le sac ; loose change petite monnaie ;

4 ( that has come apart) [card, page] volant ; [stone, fragment] détaché ; a loose sheet of paper une feuille volante ; these pages have come loose ces pages se sont détachées ; loose rust/paint rouille/peinture friable ; ‘loose chippings’ GB, ‘loose gravel’ US ( roadsign) ‘attention gravillons’ ;

5 ( not close-fitting) [dress, jacket, trousers] ample ; [fold, waistband] large ; [collar] lâche ; ( flaccid) [skin] flasque ; [muscle] détendu ;

6 ( not compacted) [soil] meuble ; [link, weave] lâche ; [structure] lâche ; [association, alliance] vague ; to have loose bowels avoir la diarrhée ; loose maul ( in rugby) mêlée ouverte ;

7 ( not strict or exact) [translation, version] assez libre, approximatif/-ive ; [wording] imprécis ; [interpretation] assez libre, large ; [guideline] vague ; [discipline, style] relâché ; loose talk propos mpl inconsidérés ;

8 ( dissolute) [morals] dissolu, relâché ; loose living (vie f de) débauche f ;

9 ( spare) [cash, funds] disponible.

C vtr littér

1 ( release) libérer ;

2 ( shoot) tirer [arrow].

to be at a loose end GB, to be at loose ends US être désœuvré, ne pas trop savoir quoi faire ; to tie up the loose ends régler les derniers détails ; to have a loose tongue ne pas savoir tenir sa langue.

■ loose off ( shoot) tirer (at sur) ;

▶ loose off [sth], loose [sth] off décharger [gun] ; tirer [arrow, shot] ; décocher [abuse, insults].

a) Dry snow. Snow which can be blown if loose or, if compacted by hand, will fall apart upon release; specific gravity: up to but not including 0.35.

b) Wet snow. Snow which, if compacted by hand, will stick together and tend to or form a snowball; specific gravity: 0.35 up to but not including 0.5.

c) Compacted snow. Snow which has been compressed into a solid mass that resists further compression and will hold together or break up into lumps if picked up; specific gravity: 0.5 and over.

(AN 14/I; PANS-ATM)

a) Сухой снег. Снег, который, будучи в рыхлом состоянии, может сдуваться ветром или после сжатия рукой рассыпаться; удельный вес – до 0,35, но не включая 0,35;

b) Мокрый снег. Снег, который после сжатия рукой не рассыпается и образует или имеет тенденцию образовывать снежный ком; удельный вес – от 0,35 до 0,5, но не включая 0,5;

c) Уплотнённый снег. Снег, спрессованный в твёрдую массу, не поддающуюся дальнейшему уплотнению, который при отрыве от земли не рассыпается, а ломается на большие глыбы; удельный вес – 0,5 и выше.

a) Dry snow. Snow which can be blown if loose or, if compacted by hand, will fall apart upon release; specific gravity: up to but not including 0.35.

b) Wet snow. Snow which, if compacted by hand, will stick together and tend to or form a snowball; specific gravity: 0.35 up to but not including 0.5.

c) Compacted snow. Snow which has been compressed into a solid mass that resists further compression and will hold together or break up into lumps if picked up; specific gravity: 0.5 and over.

(AN 14/I; PANS-ATM)

a) Сухой снег. Снег, который, будучи в рыхлом состоянии, может сдуваться ветром или после сжатия рукой рассыпаться; удельный вес – до 0,35, но не включая 0,35;

b) Мокрый снег. Снег, который после сжатия рукой не рассыпается и образует или имеет тенденцию образовывать снежный ком; удельный вес – от 0,35 до 0,5, но не включая 0,5;

c) Уплотнённый снег. Снег, спрессованный в твёрдую массу, не поддающуюся дальнейшему уплотнению, который при отрыве от земли не рассыпается, а ломается на большие глыбы; удельный вес – 0,5 и выше.

nome = cassapanca dotata di schienale e braccioli

1) (position comfortably) sistemare [person, animal]

2) (calm) calmare [stomach, nerves]

3) (resolve) sistemare [matter, business]; comporre [ dispute]; risolvere, appianare [ conflict]; risolvere [ problem]

4) (agree on) stabilire, fissare [ arrangements]

5) (put in order)

6) comm. (pay) regolare, saldare [bill, debt]

7) (colonize) colonizzare, insediarsi in [ country]

1) (come to rest) [bird, insect, wreck] posarsi; [ dregs] depositarsi

2) (become resident) fermarsi, stabilirsi, sistemarsi

3) (become compacted) [ground, wall] assestarsi

4) (calm down) [ baby] calmarsi; (go to sleep) addormentarsi

5) (take hold)

6) dir. (agree) mettersi d'accordo

- settle back

- settle down

- settle for

- settle in

- settle on

- settle up

••

* * *

1) (to place in a position of rest or comfort: I settled myself in the armchair.) sistemarsi, mettersi

2) (to come to rest: Dust had settled on the books.) posarsi

3) (to soothe: I gave him a pill to settle his nerves.) calmare

4) (to go and live: Many Scots settled in New Zealand.) stabilirsi

5) (to reach a decision or agreement: Have you settled with the builders when they are to start work?; The dispute between management and employees is still not settled.) decidere; risolvere

6) (to pay (a bill).) pagare, saldare

•

- settlement

* * *

panca ( con schienale alto); cassapanca con dorsale.

A v. t.

1 decidere; determinare; fissare; stabilire: to settle an argument, decidere (o dirimere) una controversia; ( sport) to settle a match, decidere un incontro; to settle the day, fissare la data; DIALOGO → - Inviting someone to stay- That's settled then, allora è deciso

2 definire; precisare: to settle a few points before signing a contract, definire alcuni punti prima di firmare un contratto

3 sistemare ( cose o persone): to settle one's affairs, sistemare i propri affari; to settle a matter, sistemare una faccenda

4 risolvere ( una faccenda); comporre ( una disputa): The dispute has been settled in a friendly manner, la vertenza è stata composta in via amichevole

5 mettere in ordine (o a posto); riordinare; riassestare; aggiustare: A nice cup of tea will settle your stomach, una bella tazza di tè ti metterà a posto lo stomaco; to settle a room, riordinare una stanza

6 (comm.) pagare; regolare; saldare; estinguere: to settle a bill [an account], saldare una fattura [pagare un conto]; to settle sb. 's debts, pagare i debiti di q.

7 popolare; colonizzare: Canada was settled by the French, il Canada fu colonizzato dai francesi

8 acquietare; calmare: to settle one's nerves, calmare i nervi

9 stabilizzare ( il tempo)

10 far posare ( il sedimento)

11 far sedimentare ( il caffè, ecc.)

12 decantare ( un liquido)

13 ( della pioggia) ammorzare ( la polvere)

14 (leg.) regolare ( una pendenza); comporre ( una lite); transigere: to settle a dispute out of court, comporre una vertenza in via stragiudiziale

15 (leg.) assegnare; intestare: He settled his property on his son, ha intestato i suoi beni al figlio

16 (rag.) conguagliare, chiudere ( conti, ecc.)

17 (fam.) mettere a posto, sistemare (q., sgridandolo, battendolo); sbarazzarsi di (q.); liquidare, far fuori (pop.)

B v. i.

1 ( spesso to settle down) sistemarsi; stabilirsi; insediarsi; andare a stare; domiciliarsi; mettere su casa: When he retired, he settled ( down) in his native village, quando è andato in pensione, si è stabilito nel suo paese natale; It's time for you to marry and settle down, è ora che ti sposi e ti sistemi; The French settled in Canada, i francesi si insediarono nel Canada

2 posarsi; fermarsi: A fly settled on the plate, una mosca si è posata sul piatto; Dust had settled on the furniture, la polvere s'era posata sui mobili

3 ( della nebbia, delle tenebre) calare; scendere

4 ( del terreno) avvallarsi; ( anche di edificio) abbassarsi per subsidenza

5 piantarsi, sprofondare: The car settled in the soft ground, l'automobile si è piantata nel terreno molle

6 (naut.) affondare

7 ( del tempo) diventare stabile; stabilizzarsi

8 ( di liquido) decantare; sedimentare

9 ( di sedimento) depositarsi

10 (comm.) pagare; saldare un conto (o un debito): Will you settle for me?, vuoi pagare per me?

11 accordarsi; giungere a un accomodamento; raggiungere un accordo: It won't be easy to settle with our creditors, non sarà facile giungere a un accomodamento con i creditori; (leg.) to settle out of court, raggiungere un accordo stragiudiziale

● (leg.) to settle a fine out of court, conciliare una multa □ to settle one's eldest daughter, sistemare (o accasare) la figlia maggiore □ ( slang) to settle sb. 's hash, ridurre q. a più miti consigli; far abbassare la cresta a q. □ to settle sb. in business, avviare q. negli affari □ to settle the issue, decidere il punto in discussione; ( sport) chiudere la partita ( determinarne il risultato) □ to settle oneself (down), accomodarsi; adagiarsi, sistemarsi; applicarsi, mettersi: I settled myself down in an armchair, m'accomodai in poltrona; Settle yourself down to work, mettiti al lavoro □ to settle the pillows, sprimacciare i guanciali □ to settle the succession to the throne, regolare la successione al trono □ ( spesso fig.) to have an account (o a score) to settle with sb., avere un conto da regolare con q. □ a liqueur to settle one's dinner, un bicchierino di liquore come digestivo □ He can't settle to anything, è perennemente irrequieto; è insoddisfatto di tutto □ That settles it!, ciò risolve la faccenda; (fam.) siamo sistemati (iron.); è fatta!

* * *

nome = cassapanca dotata di schienale e braccioli

1) (position comfortably) sistemare [person, animal]

2) (calm) calmare [stomach, nerves]

3) (resolve) sistemare [matter, business]; comporre [ dispute]; risolvere, appianare [ conflict]; risolvere [ problem]

4) (agree on) stabilire, fissare [ arrangements]

5) (put in order)

6) comm. (pay) regolare, saldare [bill, debt]

7) (colonize) colonizzare, insediarsi in [ country]

1) (come to rest) [bird, insect, wreck] posarsi; [ dregs] depositarsi

2) (become resident) fermarsi, stabilirsi, sistemarsi

3) (become compacted) [ground, wall] assestarsi

4) (calm down) [ baby] calmarsi; (go to sleep) addormentarsi

5) (take hold)

6) dir. (agree) mettersi d'accordo

- settle back

- settle down

- settle for

- settle in

- settle on

- settle up

••

Snow, which can be blown if loose or, if compacted by hand, will fall apart upon release; specific gravity: up to but not including 0.35.

(AN 14/I; PANS-ATM)

Снег, который, будучи в рыхлом состоянии, может сдуваться ветром или после сжатия рукой рассыпаться; удельный вес – до 0,35, но не включая 0,35.

Snow, which, if compacted by hand, will stick together and tend to or form a snowball; specific gravity: 0.35 up to but not including 0.5.

(AN 14/I; PANS-ATM)

Снег, который после сжатия рукой не рассыпается и образует или имеет тенденцию образовывать снежный ком; удельный вес – от 0,35 до 0,5, но не включая 0,5.

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

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After being woven, woollen cloth needed to be cleaned and compacted to thicken it and take out the signs of weaving. The traditional way of doing this was to place the length of cloth in fulling stocks, where hammers pounded it in a solution of fuller's earth, but in 1833 John Dyer, a Trowbridge engineer, took out a patent for the first alternative way with real possibilities. He sold the patent the following year but must have reserved the right to make his machine himself, incorporating various additions and improvements into it, because many of the machines used in Trowbridge after 1850 came from him. Milling machines were often used in conjunction with fulling stocks. The cloth was made up into a continuous length and milled by rollers forcing it through a hole or spout, from where it dropped into the fulling liquid to be soaked before being pulled out and pushed through the hole again. Dyer had three pairs of rollers, with one pair set at right angles to the others so that the cloth was squeezed in two directions. These machines do not seem to have come into general use until the 1850s. His machine closely resembled those still in use.

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SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

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After education at a private school in Marlborough, Hancock spent some time in "mechanical pursuits". He went to London to better himself and c.1819 his interest was aroused in the uses of rubber, which until then had been limited. His first patent, dated 29 April 1820, was for the application of rubber in clothing where some elasticity was useful, such as braces or slip-on boots. He noticed that freshly cut pieces of rubber could be made to adhere by pressure to form larger pieces. To cut up his imported and waste rubber into small pieces, Hancock developed his "masticator". This device consisted of a spiked roller revolving in a hollow cylinder. However, when rubber was fed in to the machine, the product was not the expected shredded rubber, but a homogeneous cylindrical mass of solid rubber, formed by the heat generated by the process and pressure against the outer cylinder. This rubber could then be compacted into blocks or rolled into sheets at his factory in Goswell Road, London; the blocks and sheets could be used to make a variety of useful articles. Meanwhile Hancock entered into partnership with Charles Macintosh in Manchester to manufacture rubberized, waterproof fabrics. Despite these developments, rubber remained an unsatisfactory material, becoming sticky when warmed and losing its elasticity when cold. In 1842 Hancock encountered specimens of vulcanized rubber prepared by Charles Goodyear in America. Hancock worked out for himself that it was made by heating rubber and sulphur, and obtained a patent for the manufacture of the material on 21 November 1843. This patent also included details of a new form of rubber, hardened by heating to a higher temperature, that was later called vulcanite, or ebonite. In 1846 he began making solid rubber tyres for road vehicles. Overall Hancock took out sixteen patents, covering all aspects of the rubber industry; they were a leading factor in the development of the industry from 1820 until their expiry in 1858.

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